• Visiting Udupi-Manipal is always an exciting experience for me. The richness of its culture, temples, food, and the opportunity to be among people who speak my mother tongue, Tulu, are aspects that draw me. Yesterday, I had the opportunity to witness Bhoota Kola in Udupi.

      Bhoota Kola is revered and performed as an act of devotion and communication with divine spirits known as ‘bhootas,’ who are considered guardians of the community and its natural resources. This ritual fulfills several critical roles.

      The Bhoota Kola tradition, as described above, offers valuable insights into community-based practices, emphasizing the importance of such practices in fostering social cohesion, cultural identity, and environmental stewardship. Here are key learnings:

      1. Cultural Identity and Heritage Preservation: Community-based practices like Bhoota Kola play a crucial role in preserving cultural identity and heritage. They ensure that languages, arts, and traditions are passed down through generations, helping communities maintain a strong sense of identity and continuity with their ancestors.

      2. Social Cohesion and Conflict Resolution: These practices often incorporate mechanisms for social cohesion and conflict resolution. By involving community members in collective rituals and decision-making processes (e.g., through the role of oracles in Bhoota Kola), they help maintain social harmony and address disputes effectively within the community.

      3. Environmental Stewardship: Bhoota Kola highlights how community practices can foster a deep respect for nature and its resources. Many rituals are directly tied to environmental conservation, emphasizing the protection of crops, animals, and natural resources. This encourages communities to live in harmony with their environment, recognizing the interdependence between humans and nature.

      4. Spiritual and Psychological Well-being: Participating in community rituals and practices provides spiritual fulfillment and psychological well-being to individuals. These practices offer a sense of belonging, connect individuals to their spiritual roots, and offer solace and guidance through communal support and shared beliefs.

      5. Adaptation and Resilience: Community-based practices often embody adaptive strategies that have evolved to meet the changing needs and challenges faced by communities. They contribute to the resilience of communities, enabling them to navigate social, environmental, and economic changes while maintaining their core values and identity.

      In summary, community-based practices like Bhoota Kola serve multiple functions, from preserving cultural heritage and promoting social cohesion to fostering environmental stewardship and supporting individual well-being. They illustrate the profound impact of collective rituals and traditions in shaping and sustaining community life.

      Pratheek Bayari and Ramesh Ranjan
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