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The Factories Act of 1948 is a law in India that covers many aspects of factories, including health, safety, and working conditions:
- Licensing and registration: The act covers the approval, licensing, and registration of factories.
- Working hours: The act restricts working hours, including weekly hours, holidays, night shifts, and overtime. It also covers the working conditions of young people, including certificates of fitness and reduced working hours.
- Safety and health: The act covers the safety and health of workers, including the need for adequate lighting, ventilation, and drainage systems, as well as clean water supplies. It also requires factories to have separate restrooms and urinals for men and women that are easily accessible to employees and kept clean.
- Welfare: The act covers the welfare of workers, including annual leave.
- Penalties: The act includes penalty provisions for anyone who violates the act or any rules made under it. The occupier and manager of a factory can be fined up to 1 lakh rupees or imprisoned for up to two years, or both.
The Factories Act of 1948 was amended in 1987 to help India develop national policies for occupational safety and health in factories and docks.